Periodontology

Periodontal disease

Periodontal (gum) disease refers to the inflammation and infection of the tissues that support the teeth. Initially, disease starts as bacterial populations grow with failure to adequately remove plaque with effective oral hygiene techniques. Initially the gums become red, swollen, tender and bleed when brushing. Bad breath can also be a symptom.  This is the earliest stage of disease and is called “gingivitis”. This is reversible and can be managed with improved oral hygiene. Professional cleaning, together with Oral hygiene instruction is beneficial. Left untreated, disease may progress. Periodontitis is when the gum condition progresses beyond gingivitis into a chronic, destructive, irreversible inflammatory state. The bacteria penetrate deeper into the gum and bone tissues. tissues and surrounding periodontium. The invading bacteria trigger a host response (this is a reaction of living tissue to the presence of a foreign material) in defence. However, while trying to protect against the invading bacteria, the host defences also lead to the destruction of the periodontium (the supporting structure for the teeth, consisting of periodontal ligament, cementum, gingiva, and supporting bone).

Symptoms include bleeding gums, bad breath and loose teeth; however disease progression can often be insidious, progressing unbeknownst.

Regular dental examinations are essential for early diagnosis. Without treatment, tooth may become inevitable.

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We own and operate five dental practices across South Wales making us your perfect local choice.

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Meet Our Periodontal Team

Sally Hooper
Dental HygienistGDC No: 4717
Dip DH (Cardiff University, 1994)

I'm passionate and motivated in helping patients with their dental health. Encouraging them their use of daily toothbrushing and interdental cleaning....

Dr Gabriella Leatherdale-Tiba
Clinical Lead in PeriodontologyGDC No: 214556
DMD (2011), MSc (Periodontology, 2022)

I treat patients with periodontal disease referred to me by other dentists both with conventional therapy (root surface debridement, bone regeneration surgeries) as well as using laser (waterlase) where it's necessary....

How soon can I be treated?

Our waiting times for an NHS examination and treatment appointments, for new and historic patients, vary. Our reception team will happily update you on current waiting times.

The NHS contract funds a set amount of dental activity for the year and we are obliged to deliver this evenly over the twelve months.

The level of NHS funding provided  is not high enough to enable us to meet the demand for NHS care that exists.

These factors lead to long waiting times to access NHS care.

Private care can be provided at all times with a minimal wait.

Your dentist will be happy to go through all available options including that of accessing some treatment options on a private basis alongside an NHS course of treatment.

What are the risks and complications of a root canal treatment?

In most cases, root canal treatment is successful and the tooth should settle over a few days and no longer cause pain. However, there is always some risk depending on the condition of the tooth, your oral hygiene, and the biting forces on the tooth.

Risks and complications include:

Mild temporary pain/discomfort due to inflammation of the tissues surrounding the tooth.

The tooth might darken over time. There are procedures available which may lighten the tooth if this occurs.

Tooth fracture may occur due to reduced strength and durability of the tooth. Thi may lead to tooth extraction.
This risk is reduced when a crown fitted.

Uncommon risks and complications:

The fine metal files used to clean inside the root canals may break during use and remain in the tooth, this may or may not affect the success rate of the root canal treatment.

Depending on the size and shape of the roots, there is some risk of creating a hole
in the side of a tooth root during the cleaning process, this is called a perforation.

If you experience persistent pain, return to your treating dental practitioner.

If you develop an infection return to your treating dental practitioner.

Root canal tratment might fail. The tooth may require further treatment or even extraction.

What are the benefits of treatments with a laser?

The Waterlase iPlus® system is a safe and gentle atlernative to traditional dental intruments. The procedures are generally quicker with less discomfort during and after the procedures. Patients typically experience minimal discomfort, with less swelling and fewer complications compaed to traditional surgical techniques. The laser also kills bacteria and helps preserve bone and gum health.

How much does laser treatments cost?

The cost of the laser procedure will depend on case complexity and management. Simple single tooth gum recontouring is from £85, while frenectomies are from £295. You will need a full assessment prior to any costing for any laser procedure.

Why do dentists refer to a specialist orthodontist?

General dentists refer to orthodontists complex cases and patients that are still growing. Such cases need a specialist orthodontist. Orthodontists require additional education and training before they’re able to call themselves a specialist. While some orthodontists still practice general dentistry, most focus solely on their specialty.

Is there on-site parking at your practices?

The Llanthewy Road practice has some on site patient parking.

All of our other practices have ample parking facilities nearby.

Can any dentist carry out root canal treatment?

Yes, all dentists have training in Endodontics (the subject that covers root canal treatment). However, some dentists choose to continue with extensive post graduate training in this field, using advanced treatments, commonly with aid of a microscope. They also perform many more root canal treatments than the average general dentist? As a result, they tend to have a significantly higher success rate across the board in both complex and simple cases. It is not uncommon for a general dentist to offer the patient the choice of having them do it or referring it to a practitioner with more training and expertise if they feel the latter will offer a high chance of success. In some cases, the general practitioner will feel that a case is beyond their skill set and refer to a suitably qualified colleague.

 

Why do dentists refer to a specialist orthodontist?

General dentists refer to orthodontists complex cases and patients that are still growing. Such cases need a specialist orthodontist. Orthodontists require additional education and training before they’re able to call themselves a specialist. While some orthodontists still practice general dentistry, most focus solely on their specialty.

How much does laser treatments cost?

The cost of the laser procedure will depend on case complexity and management. Simple single tooth gum recontouring is from £85, while frenectomies are from £295. You will need a full assessment prior to any costing for any laser procedure.

What are ‘fillers’ and which areas can be treated?

Dermal Fillers, like Teosyal®, are modern medical gels designed to fill out and smooth away lines, wrinkles and folds, and to add volume to lips. This is an excellent treatment for nasal furrows, smile lines, lip enhancement and facial contouring.

The main component of Teosyal® fillers is hyaluronic acid, a biosynthesized version of one of the body’s own natural substances. The amount of hyaluronic acid produced by the body decreases significantly as we age; as a result, the skin becomes dryer, thinner and less supple, rendering it increasingly prone to wrinkling. Injecting fillers into skin not only adds volume where the body’s own hyaluronic acid has been depleted, but also draws water into the area improving skin hydration and elasticity.

What is PRP treatment?

Platelet-rich (PRP) injections are a treatments used in the medical field, commonly to help heal an injury. These are derived on your own blood, and are being used more and more to treat sporting injuries and help wounds heal after surgery. Some doctors and dentists use it in facial cosmetic procedures. In the world of dental implants it is used with sinus augmentation procedures, at extraction sites and with bone augmentation procedures. It is also becoming very popular in periodontal disease treatments, particularly in the regenerative procedures.

Your blood is drawn from your arm, then placed in a centrifuge to separate out the platelet rich plasma. This part is rich in growth factors.

What type of brace do I need?

There are several different types of orthodontic appliances, (braces). The one best suited depends on a few factors including your particular case, the severity of the problem, as well as yor personal preference. Your clinician with discuss all suitable options.

What are the risks and complications of a root canal treatment?

In most cases, root canal treatment is successful and the tooth should settle over a few days and no longer cause pain. However, there is always some risk depending on the condition of the tooth, your oral hygiene, and the biting forces on the tooth.

Risks and complications include:

Mild temporary pain/discomfort due to inflammation of the tissues surrounding the tooth.

The tooth might darken over time. There are procedures available which may lighten the tooth if this occurs.

Tooth fracture may occur due to reduced strength and durability of the tooth. Thi may lead to tooth extraction.
This risk is reduced when a crown fitted.

Uncommon risks and complications:

The fine metal files used to clean inside the root canals may break during use and remain in the tooth, this may or may not affect the success rate of the root canal treatment.

Depending on the size and shape of the roots, there is some risk of creating a hole
in the side of a tooth root during the cleaning process, this is called a perforation.

If you experience persistent pain, return to your treating dental practitioner.

If you develop an infection return to your treating dental practitioner.

Root canal tratment might fail. The tooth may require further treatment or even extraction.

What are the current NHS fees?

There are four NHS charge bands. From April 2024 to March 2025, the costs are as follows:

Band 1: £20.00

This includes an examination, diagnosis, preventive care
and planning for further treatment.

Band 2: £60.00

This includes all necessary treatment covered by the £20.00
charge PLUS additional treatment such as fillings, root canal treatment and extractions.

Band 3: £260.00

This charge includes all necessary treatment covered by
the £20.00 and £60.00 charges PLUS crowns, dentures and bridges.

Urgent treatment visit: £30.00

Patients not requiring a full course of treatment but instead
receiving urgent care will pay a standalone charge of £30.00.
If necessary, it will include X-rays and any treatment necessary
to prevent significant deterioration of the presenting condition or to address severe pain.

NHS Treatment Fees

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